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Nucleic acid‐sensing TLRs and autoimmunity: novel insights from structural and cell biology

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Nucleic acid‐sensing TLRs and autoimmunity: novel insights from structural and cell biology

Auteurs : Karin Pelka [Allemagne] ; Takuma Shibata [Japon] ; Kensuke Miyake [Japon] ; Eicke Latz [Allemagne, États-Unis]

Source :

Immunological Reviews [ 0105-2896 ] ; 2016-01.

RBID : ISTEX:17D5D6C35BC84275BC27DDC4C5ED1578FBC925E3

Abstract

Invasion of pathogenic microorganisms or tissue damage activates innate immune signaling receptors that sample subcellular locations for foreign molecular structures, altered host molecules, or signs of compartment breaches. Upon engagement of innate immune receptors an acute but transient inflammatory response is initiated, aimed at the clearance of pathogens and cellular debris. Among the molecules that are sensed are nucleic acids, which activate several members of the transmembrane Toll‐like receptor (TLR) family. Inappropriate recognition of nucleic acids by TLRs can cause inflammatory pathologies and autoimmunity. Here, we review the mechanisms involved in triggering nucleic acid‐sensing TLRs and indicate checkpoints that restrict their activation to endolysosomal compartments. These mechanisms are crucial to sample the content of endosomes for nucleic acids in the context of infection or tissue damage, yet prevent accidental activation by host nucleic acids under physiological conditions. Decoding the molecular mechanisms that regulate nucleic acid recognition by TLRs is central to understand pathologies linked to unrestricted nucleic acid sensing and to develop novel therapeutic strategies.

Url:

https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-W8WFSPMD-H/fulltext.pdf

DOI: 10.1111/imr.12375

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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Nucleic acid‐sensing TLRs and autoimmunity: novel insights from structural and cell biology

Nucleic acid‐sensing TLRs and autoimmunity: novel insights from structural and cell biology

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Abstract

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